|
|
Dietary fiber in food and possibilities of its determination
Piškulová, Lenka ; Hrstka, Miroslav (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
The work deals with the definition of dietary fiber, its division and basic describtion of building dietary fiber components. Finally, it focuses on basic methods and ways of determining of dietary fiber. The practical part compares the obtained amount of insoluble dietary fibre in different kinds of gluten-free and gluten bread. The results were obtained by using the method according to Henneberg and Stohmann.
|
|
|
Representation fiber in the nutrition of children preschool and school age.
JEŘÁBEK, Jakub
The topic of this diploma thesis is fiber in the nutrition of children preschool and school age. The thesis is designed for two parts. The theoretical parts describe various fibers and its division, chemical properties, functions and benefits for the human body. Another piece of legislation is described here, which is used in school meals. The specific sections evaluate the proportion of fiber in the nutrition of preschool and school age. the calculation was determined from consumer baskets from individual primary and nursery schools and were supplemented with information on the fiber content in individual commodities of the Danish website frida.fooddata.dk. The results show that the fiber content in the nutrition of preschool and school children is sufficient and the proportion of fiber in the diet has the possibility of a downward trend in fiber content. In primary schools, we can see a declining tendency of amount fiber in the diet. The average of fiber amount is 64.7%. Kindergarten does not express a significant year-on-year, it accepts the representation of fiber in nutrition and spends less than at school and at 32.2% of recommended daily fiber amount, means 2.0g.
|
|
|
Fiber intake in developed countries and possibilities for its increase in population
Ježková, Kristýna ; Pejšová, Hana (advisor) ; Křížová, Jarmila (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with fiber intake and possibilities of its increase. The main aim of the thesis is to evaluate the actual intake of fiber in the population and to find out whether people actually know what fiber is and what should be its daily intake. The theoretical part is focused on fiber itself. It describes its characteristics, distribution, properties and sources. The effect of fiber on human health and the consequences of insufficient or excessive fiber intake are discussed as well. The practical part is focused on the real intake of fiber in the population. It is done in the form of a questionnaire survey, in which I try to find out what knowledge of fiber people have, but also how often they consume foods containing fiber. Most of the questionnaires were handed out to customers of one unnamed pharmacy and healthy nutrition center in Prague and other passers-by. Altogether, I managed to collect 84 questionnaires. The questionnaire results show that vast majority of respondents have an idea of what fiber is and which foods contain it most; however, they do not know what the recommended daily intake is. Still, half of the respondents think their diet includes enough fiber. The fiber intake in men and women was not much different. The most significant difference was in the...
|
|
|
Consumption of fiber in old age
ŠÁLEK, Jan
The theme of this bachelor thesis is the Consumption of fiber in the old age (seniors). Formerly, the dietary fiber was considered unnecessarily burdensome for human organism. Later, it was found that it has a relatively large impact on human health, especially by serving as a prebiotic for symbiotic bacteria inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. There is still prevailing opinion that roughage divides into a soluble and insoluble, despite that some types of fiber cannot be definitely classified and placed into any of these groups because they have characteristics of both of them. The daily recommended dose is 30 g. The qualitative research was used for elaboration of the practical part. The first goal was to find out how much fiber seniors consume. The second aim was to compare the consumption of fiber among elderly people living alone and the elderly living in retirement homes built for them. The research group, at the first research question, consists of 20 seniors from the Southern Region aged over 65 years. The research group, at the second research question, consists of five retirement homes from the whole Czech Republic. All respondents were given a record sheet for one week, and instructions on how to fill it. Acquired menus were subsequently re-calculated through the program "Nutriservis Professional". The results show higher consumption of fiber than the average in the Czech Republic, but there is still almost a half missing to get the recommended daily dose. There was observed BMI and its impact on the consumption of fiber. No significant effect was found, because overweight had all interviewees except one respondent. The financial limit is visible for evaluated diet of homes for the elderly, therefore, there are no whole grain products, vegetables and almost no fruit. Despite these limitations, the average consumption of fiber is almost equal to elderly people living alone. In conclusion, there is a proposition how to, despite the low funds, increase the intake of roughage, and avoid or, at least, reduce the problems associated with its low consumption. Recommendations for respondents are individual and given under each evaluation.
|
|
|
Fiber and its consumption on a hospital bed
KŘÍŽKOVÁ, Ivana
The theme of the bachelor thesis is Fiber and its consumption on a hospital bed. Dietary fiber is defined as a carbohydrate food ingredient that cannot be transformed by one´s own enzymes. Fiber was originally considered a ballast food component. Gradually, it was found that it is a part of food fermented by colonic bacteria. Fiber is substrate for these bacteria and they transform it into substances intended for human organism. Fiber can be divided into soluble and insoluble. Both types are essential for human nutrition. A recommended fiber intake for an adult is 30 g per day. In the practical part of the bachelor thesis, was used qualitative research method. The research sample consisted of hospital two-weeks menus. One diet was applied in the hospital facility in the Central Bohemian region and one in the South Bohemian region. Using a computer program "Nutriservis Professional" I calculated the fiber content in the individual meals. The findings were compared with the recommended daily intake published in the book called Referenční hodnoty pro příjem živin and S výživou po celý rok. I also calculated energy value, amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates of the menus. The results were compared with the recommended values. As a research I interviewed the nutritional therapists in the hospital facilities about the patient´s diet and possible solutions to health problems caused by a lack of fiber. The interviews consisted of eight open questions focused on the fiber consumption, denying of foods containing fiber. The results of calculation previewed the menu at the first hospital facility that fiber deficiency occurs primarily in a liquid diet, while for rational diet, diabetic diet and for infants and older children the fiber content is sufficient. The menu of the other hospital contains insufficient amount of fiber, especially for diabetic diet or geriatic diet reducing fat. On the other hand, diabetic diet contains a plenty of fiber. The interviews that were supposed to find out how nutritional therapists approch the fiber issues in diets brought similar responses. The hospital in the Central Bohemian region include into the diet especially fruit, vegetable, whole grain products and legumes. Older patients ages constipation suffering from bowel obstuction, intestinal disease and flatulence frequently refuse fiber, especially legumes. If a patient has health problems caused be the lack of fiber nutritional therapists usually solve this problem by education and inclusion of fruit, vegetable and whole meal bread into the patient's diet. The hospital in the South Bohemian region frequently include into the diet potatoes, rice, fruit, legumes, vegetable and whole grain breads. Fiber is often rejected by older people and people suffering from diarrheal diseases. Health problems resulting from the lack of fiber are often solved by recommending by foods containing fiber or the nutritional supplements such as NutriFibre.
|
|
|
Dietary fiber in food and possibilities of its determination
Piškulová, Lenka ; Hrstka, Miroslav (referee) ; Vránová, Dana (advisor)
The work deals with the definition of dietary fiber, its division and basic describtion of building dietary fiber components. Finally, it focuses on basic methods and ways of determining of dietary fiber. The practical part compares the obtained amount of insoluble dietary fibre in different kinds of gluten-free and gluten bread. The results were obtained by using the method according to Henneberg and Stohmann.
|
|
|
Fiber in food products and nutrition of different groups consumers.
ROKOSOVÁ, Monika
This thesis deals with knowledge of dietary fiber in high school students. The second goal was to find out a food intake containing fiber. The thesis describes a distribution of dietary fiber, its particular types and its individual impact on human health. My work is focused on a real food intake of fiber in adolescents. These results are proscessed and presented in the practical part of this thesis.
|
|
|
Constipation - problem of immobile patients
HULIČKOVÁ, Tereza
My thesis deals with constipation in immobile patients. The research was carried out by collecting data using the questionnaire method. The questionnaires were focused on immobile patients of all ages hospitalized in any units in the České Budějovice hospital, Inc. The objective of this thesis was to survey the drinking regimen and eating habits in immobile patients and to analyze their impact on the development of constipation. I set three hypotheses: The first hypothesis suggests that immobile patients´ alimentation does not include an increased requirement for dietary fiber. My research shows that patients´ diet at home contains more fruits, vegetables and whole meal bread. A diet therapist hardly ever comes to see hospitalized immobile patients. Most patients are not on any diet which would limit the intake of particular nutrients. The first hypothesis was confirmed. The second hypothesis suggests that immobile patients do not observe the drinking regimen. The research data analysis shows that patients´ fluid intake is the same no matter if they stay in hospital or at home {--} it is about 1- 2 litres a day. The fluid intake depends on patients´ age, weight and health condition. It is possible to say that immobile patients observe the drinking regimen. The second hypothesis was not confirmed. The third hypothesis suggests that immobile patients do not have enough privacy while they pass stool. They feel ashamed and these feelings also raise the constipation development. There is a lot to improve in this respect, the nursing staff should be aware of the fact that immobile patients need more intimacy at passing bowel motion. It is not surprising that most immobile patients feel the lack of privacy in hospital. In my opinion not enough attention is paid to the question of privacy in hospitals. This has a negative impact on patients´comfort. Patients´ diet should include more dietary fiber. Individual consultations with a diet therapist are advisable for patients. The nursing staff should also focus on the patients´ drinking regimen. The right diet and drinking regimen may contribute to constipation prevention. The empathetic, holistic, psychological and sensitive approach to patients should improve patients´ condition and alleviate their pain. Each nurse should make her best to prevent patients from feeling undignified in hospital.
|
guest ::
